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KMID : 0377619970620020199
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1997 Volume.62 No. 2 p.199 ~ p.215
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A Study on the Effect of Efficacy Expectation Promoting Program on Self-Efficacy and Self-Care Behavior
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Abstract
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Chronic health problems hive become a major concern and challenge to the health care professionals today. Especially hypertension, one of the leading primary cause of death in Korea, is a typical chronic disease requiring adequate and continuous management.
Though these hypertensive patients need to maintain desirable health behavior by themselves for their life time, many previous studies indicated that most of the hypertensive patients had no specific symptoms and thus, reluctant to follow appropriate medical regimens causing the condition further aggravated and complicated.
It has been found that using self-efficacy as the main variable that determines behavior change and health promoting behavior.
This study was conducted to investigate whether an efficacy expectation promoting program based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977) would increase self-efficacy and self-care behavior in patient with hypertension. For this purpose, one group pre and post test experimental design was used.
The subjects of the study were consisted of twenty-seven persons with hypertension from one company in Kyung San city. The whole program was carried out from September, 19, 1996 to October, 19, 1996. The Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Sherer et.al.(1982) and translated by Oh(1993), the Hypertensive Patient´s subjective self-care behavior Scale developed by Lee(1994) and objective self-care behavior developed by Park(1994) were used for data collection. Cronbach´s alpha as the reliability test of scales were 0.76-0.86, an appropriate level of confidence.
Data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC+ program with paired t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and. Pearson´s correlation to determine the effect of program.
The results of this study are summarized as follows :
1) After efficacy expectation promoting program, score on self-efficacy was significantly higher than that before the program(paired t=- 4.83, p=0.001).
2) After efficacy expectation promoting program, scores on objective self-care behavior showed significant change at pre-experimentation, 1st, 2nd, 3rd self-care behavior evaluation, and post experimentation(F=19.65, p=0.00).
3) After efficacy expectation promoting program, score on subjective self-care behavior was significantly higher than that before the program(paired t=-6.69, p=0.00).
4) After efficacy expectation promoting program, both systolic and diastolic. pressure were significantly lower than those before the program(Systolic pressure F=2.53, p=0.04 Diastolic pressure F=3.69, p=0.00).
5) After efficacy expectation promoting program, self-efficacy and self-care behavior (r=.40, p=0.03), and systolic pressure and self-care behavior(r=-0.3$ significant relationships. p=0? ) showed
From the above results, it can be concluded that efficacy expectation promoting program is an effective nursing strategy to promote self-care behavior of hypertensive patients and to lower the blood pressure. Thus this program can be recommended in the management of the hypertensive patients in workplaces and community settings.
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KEYWORD
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